Tagnuts: taglist

Cheatsheets: Common character entities

Just a selection. We found ourselves switching between references, always having trouble finding that specific character. Find links to more extensive listings, here and elsehwere on the web, in the boxes and below, here's what we usually spend to much time on finding ;). Quoting Peter K. Sheerin, it's most safe to use decimal notation, better support. You can count on & and some more being widely supported, when in doubt, don't.

Not wanting to withhold you to copy and paste your needed character, here's some background on general use: Liner notes.

Basic Latin

The range from  to  is either unused in [x]html and/or accessible by means of your keyboard, so we've omitted most of them. There's some that need to be escaped or have some value nonetheless. A full list is available Basic Latin.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Horizontal tab [useful to emulate a tab in a <textarea>]
Line feed \| new line
Exclamation mark	!	!
Quotation mark	"	"	"	"
Ampersand	&	&	&	&
Less-than sign	<	<	<	<
Greater-than sign	>	>	>	>
At sign \| commercial at sign	@	@
Left curly brace	{	{
Right curly brace	}	}

MS Windows character set

The range from  to  are Microsoft Windows only, used by MS office products and such - they are not part of ISO 8859-1, on which most html relies. Don't use them, use their equivalents. They won't display right on anything not Windows, and the validator chokes on them too. Here's a detailed explanation by Jukka Korpela.

All of them have alternatives, fully the same, which any modern browser displays fine.

Latin-1 Supplement

The range from   to ÿ is, for the biggest part, not on your keyboard. We're omitting language specific variations of regular characters with specific punctuation like ã and æ (most of &192; to ÿ) in favor of useful symbols and signs, but full range is here: Latin-1 Supplement.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Non-breaking space
Inverted exclamation mark	¡	¡	¡	¡
Cent sign	¢	¢	¢	¢
Pound sign	£	£	£	£
Currency sign	¤	¤	¤	¤
Yen sign	¥	¥	¥	¥
Broken vertical bar	¦	¦	¦	¦
Section sign	§	§	§	§
Spacing diaeresis	¨	¨	¨	¨
Copyright sign	©	©	©	©
Feminine ordinal indicator	ª	ª	ª	ª
Left-pointing double angle quotation mark	«	«	«	«
Not sign	¬	¬	¬	¬
Soft hyphen (discretionary hyphen)
Registered trade mark sign	®	®	®	®
Spacing macron (overline)	¯	¯	¯	¯
Degree sign	°	°	°	°
Plus-minus sign	±	±	±	±
Superscript digit two	²	²	²	²
Superscript digit three	³	³	³	³
Acute accent (spacing acute)	´	´	´	´
Micro sign	µ	µ	µ	µ
Pilcrow/paragraph sign	¶	¶	¶	¶
Middle dot (or Georgian comma, Greek middle dot)	·	·	·	·
Cedilla (spacing cedilla)	¸	¸	¸	¸
Superscript digit one	¹	¹	¹	¹
Masculine ordinal indicator	º	º	º	º
Right-pointing double angle quotation mark	»	»	»	»
Fraction one quarter	¼	¼	¼	¼
Fraction one half	½	½	½	½
Fraction three quarters	¾	¾	¾	¾
Inverted question mark	¿	¿	¿	¿
Multiplication sign	×	×	×	×
Latin small letter sharp s \| ess-zed	ß	ß	ß	ß
Division sign	÷	÷	÷	÷

Latin Extended-A

Ā to &383;. More language specific latin characters with specific punctuation. Omitting them here, but for full range: Latin Extended-A.

Latin Extended-B

ƀ to &591;. Even more language specific latin characters with specific punctuation, increasingly unsupported. Omitting most here, but for full range: Latin Extended-B.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Latin small f with hook \| function \| florin [Dutch: guilder, before €…]	ƒ	ƒ	&fnof;	ƒ

IPA Extensions

ɐ to &687;. The "International Phenetic Alphabet". Poor support, but full range: IPA Extensions.

Spacing Modifier Letters

ʰ to &767;.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Modifier letter circumflex accent	ˆ	ˆ	&circ;	ˆ
Small tilde	˜	˜	&tilde;	˜

Greek characters

Ͱ to Ͽ is for Greek characters. Here only showing alphabet in capital and small letters, but lots of variations in full range.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Greek capital letter alpha	Α	Α	Α	Α
Greek capital letter beta	Β	Β	Β	Β
Greek capital letter gamma	Γ	Γ	Γ	Γ
Greek capital letter delta	Δ	Δ	Δ	Δ
Greek capital letter epsilon	Ε	Ε	Ε	Ε
Greek capital letter zeta	Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	Ζ
Greek capital letter eta	Η	Η	Η	Η
Greek capital letter theta	Θ	Θ	Θ	Θ
Greek capital letter iota	Ι	Ι	Ι	Ι
Greek capital letter kappa	Κ	Κ	Κ	Κ
Greek capital letter lambda	Λ	Λ	Λ	Λ
Greek capital letter mu	Μ	Μ	Μ	Μ
Greek capital letter nu	Ν	Ν	Ν	Ν
Greek capital letter xi	Ξ	Ξ	Ξ	Ξ
Greek capital letter omicron	Ο	Ο	Ο	Ο
Greek capital letter pi	Π	Π	Π	Π
Greek capital letter rho	Ρ	Ρ	Ρ	Ρ
Greek capital letter sigma	Σ	Σ	Σ	Σ
Greek capital letter tau	Τ	Τ	Τ	Τ
Greek capital letter upsilon	Υ	Υ	Υ	Υ
Greek capital letter phi	Φ	Φ	Φ	Φ
Greek capital letter chi	Χ	Χ	Χ	Χ
Greek capital letter psi	Ψ	Ψ	Ψ	Ψ
Greek capital letter omega	Ω	Ω	Ω	Ω
Greek small letter alpha	α	α	α	α
Greek small letter beta	β	β	β	β
Greek small letter gamma	γ	γ	γ	γ
Greek small letter delta	δ	δ	δ	δ
Greek small letter epsilon	ε	ε	ε	ε
Greek small letter zeta	ζ	ζ	ζ	ζ
Greek small letter eta	η	η	η	η
Greek small letter theta	θ	θ	θ	θ
Greek small letter iota	ι	ι	ι	ι
Greek small letter kappa	κ	κ	κ	κ
Greek small letter lambda	λ	λ	λ	λ
Greek small letter mu	μ	μ	μ	μ
Greek small letter nu	ν	ν	ν	ν
Greek small letter xi	ξ	ξ	ξ	ξ
Greek small letter omicron	ο	ο	ο	ο
Greek small letter pi	π	π	π	π
Greek small letter rho	ρ	ρ	ρ	ρ
Greek small letter final sigma	ς	ς	&sigmaf;	ς
Greek small letter sigma	σ	σ	σ	σ
Greek small letter tau	τ	τ	τ	τ
Greek small letter upsilon	υ	υ	υ	υ
Greek small letter phi	φ	φ	φ	φ
Greek small letter chi	χ	χ	χ	χ
Greek small letter psi	ψ	ψ	ψ	ψ
Greek small letter omega	ω	ω	ω	ω

Cyrillic

Ѐ to &1279;.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation

Latin Extended Additional

Ḁ to &7935;.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation

General Punctuation

  to &8303;.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
En space			&ensp;
Em space			&emsp;
Thin space
Zero width non-joiner	‌	‌	&zwnj;	‌
Zero width joiner	‍	‍	&zwj;	‍
Left-to-right mark	‎	‎	&lrm;	‎
Right-to-left mark	‏	‏	&rlm;	‏
En dash	–	–	–	–
Em dash	—	—	—	—
Left single quotation mark	‘	‘	‘	‘
Right single quotation mark	’	’	’	’
Single low-9 quotation mark	‚	‚	&sbquo;	‚
Left double quotation mark	“	“	“	“
Right double quotation mark	”	”	”	”
Double low-9 quotation mark	„	„	&bdquo;	„
Dagger	†	†	&dagger;	†
Double dagger	‡	‡	&Dagger;	‡
Bullet (black small circle)	•	•	•	•
Horizontal ellipsis (three dot leader)	…	…	…	…
Per mille sign	‰	‰	&permil;	‰
Prime (minutes/feet)	′	′	′	′
Double prime (seconds/inches)	″	″	″	″
Single left-pointing angle quotation mark	‹	‹	&lsaquo;	‹
Single right-pointing angle quotation mark	›	›	&rsaquo;	›
Double exclamation mark	‼	‼
Overline (spacing overscore)	‾	‾	&oline;	‾
Fraction slash	⁄	⁄	&frasl;	⁄
Euro sign	€	€	€	€
Blackletter capital i (imaginary part symbol)	ℑ	ℑ	&image;	ℑ
Script capital p (power set/Weierstrass p)	℘	℘	&weierp;	℘
Blackletter capital r (real part symbol)	ℜ	ℜ	&real;	ℜ
Trade mark sign	™	™	™	™
Alef symbol (first transfinite cardinal)	ℵ	ℵ	&alefsym;	ℵ
Leftwards arrow	←	←	←	←
Upwards arrow	↑	↑	↑	↑
Rightwards arrow	→	→	→	→
Downwards arrow	↓	↓	↓	↓
Left-right arrow	↔	↔	↔	↔
Up-down arrow	↕	↕
Up-down arrow with base	↨	↨
Downwards arrow with corner leftwards (carriage return)	↵	↵	&crarr;	↵
Leftwards double arrow (not equal, but use for 'as implied by')	⇐	⇐	⇐	⇐
Upwards double arrow	⇑	⇑	&uArr;	⇑
Rightwards double arrow (not equal, but use for 'implies')	⇒	⇒	⇒	⇒
Downwards double arrow	⇓	⇓	&dArr;	⇓
Left-right double arrow	⇔	⇔	⇔	⇔

Mathematical operators

• and up, lots of additional symbols and punctuation. We've omitted quite a lot, not available in fonts/browsers consistently. No need to confuse your readers.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
For all	∀	∀	∀	∀
Partial differential	∂	∂	∂	∂
There exists	∃	∃	∃	∃
Empty set (null set/diameter)	∅	∅	∅	∅
Nabla (backward difference)	∇	∇	∇	∇
Element of	∈	∈	∈	∈
Not an element of	∉	∉	∉	∉
Contains as member	∋	∋	&ni;	∋
N-ary product \| product sign [No capital 'pi', though can use same glyph]	∏	∏	∏	∏
N-ary sumation [No capital 'sigma', though can use same glyph]	∑	∑	∑	∑
Minus sign	−	−	−	−
Asterisk operator	∗	∗	&lowast;	∗
Square root \| radical sign	√	√	√	√
Proportional to	∝	∝	&prop;	∝
Infinity	∞	∞	∞	∞
Angle	∠	∠	&ang;	∠
Factor of	∣	∣
Logical and \| wedge	∧	∧	&and;	∧
Logical or \| vee	∨	∨	&or;	∨
Intersection \| cap	∩	∩	∩	∩
Union \| cup	∪	∪	∪	∪
Integral	∫	∫	∫	∫
Therefore	∴	∴	&there4;	∴
Tilde operator \| varies with \| similar to [No 'tilde', though can use same glyph]	∼	∼	&sim;	∼
Approximately equal to	≅	≅	&cong;	≅
Almost equal to \| asymptotic to	≈	≈	≈	≈
Not equal to	≠	≠	≠	≠
Identical to	≡	≡	&equiv;	≡
Less-than or equal to	≤	≤	≤	≤
Greater-than or equal to	≥	≥	≥	≥
Subset of	⊂	⊂	⊂	⊂
Superset of	⊃	⊃	⊃	⊃
Not a subset of	⊄	⊄	&nsub;	⊄
Subset of or equal to	⊆	⊆	&sube;	⊆
Superset of or equal to	⊇	⊇	&supe;	⊇
Circled plus \| direct sum	⊕	⊕	&oplus;	⊕
Circled times \| vector product	⊗	⊗	&otimes;	⊗
Up tack \| orthogonal to \| perpendicular	⊥	⊥	&perp;	⊥
Dot operator [No 'middle dot']	⋅	⋅	⋅	⋅

Miscellaneous

• and up, lots of additional symbols and punctuation. We've omitted quite a lot, not available in fonts/browsers consistently. No need to confuse your readers.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
House	⌂	⌂
Left ceiling \| apl upstile	⌈	⌈	&lceil;	⌈
Right ceiling	⌉	⌉	&rceil;	⌉
Left floor \| apl downstile	⌊	⌊	&lfloor;	⌊
Right floor	⌋	⌋	&rfloor;	⌋
Turned not sign [?]	⌙	⌙
Left-pointing angle bracket \| bra [Not 'less than' or 'single left-pointing angle quotation mark']	〈	〈	&lang;	⟨
Right-pointing angle bracket \| ket [Not 'greater than' or 'single right-pointing angle quotation mark']	〉	〉	&rang;	⟩

Box drawing

─ to &9599;. Full listing and references: box drawings.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Vertical line	─	─
Horizontal line	│	│

Block elements

▀ to &9631;.

Character description	DecimalDecimal notation of character	[?]Check display of decimal notation	NamedNamed notation of character	[?]Check display of named notation
Medium shaded box	▒	▒
Dark shaded box	▓	▓
Black rectangle	▬	▬
Black upwards-pointing triangle	▲	▲
Black right-pointing triangle	▶	▶
Black downwards-pointing triangle	▼	▼
Black left-pointing triangle	◀	◀
Lozenge	◊	◊	&loz;	◊
White circle	○	○
Inverse bullet	◘	◘
Inverse white circle	◙	◙
White smiling face	☺	☺
White sun with rays	☼	☼
Black smiling face	☻	☻
Female sign	♀	♀
Male sign	♂	♂
Black (filled) spade suit	♠	♠	&spades;	♠
Black (filled) club suit (shamrock)	♣	♣	&clubs;	♣
Black (filled) heart suit	♥	♥	&hearts;	♥
Black (filled) diamonds suit	♦	♦	&diams;	♦
Eighth note	♪	♪
Beamed eighth notes	♫	♫

More references, and information:

Peter K. Sheerin on proper use of characters;
W3C HTML 4.01 entity definitions;
Blog-Fu's Simple Character Entity Reference;

<Tag>nuts.org

Cheatsheets: Common character entities